![]() Schiller Blue Surface electrodes (Schiller America Inc. 3, 5, 23 Alcohol wipes were used to clean the skin over the gluteal region prior to electrode placement. Lateral band walk was not included in the current study as the researchers wished to only examine exercises that required no external resistance.ĮMG data were collected and analyzed on the dominant leg, identified by which leg the subject used to kick a ball. Of the top five exercises for the gluteus medius described by Distefano, the authors of the current study chose to reexamine sidelying hip abduction, single limb squat, and the single limb deadlift. 3 Rank order of exercises and %MVIC of Distefano's study can be viewed in Table 1. 22 Based on the work by Anderson, 20 Visser, 21 and Fry, 22 for the purposes of this study, exercises producing greater than 70%MVIC were deemed acceptable for enhancement of strength.ĭistefano examined electromyography (EMG) signal amplitude normalized values of gluteus medius and gluteus maximus muscles during exercises of varying difficulty in order to determine which exercises most effectively recruit these muscles. 21 In order to gain maximal muscular hypertrophy, Fry's work suggests an 80-95% of a subject's one repetition maximum must be achieved. 20 When quantifying muscular strength, work by Visser correlates the use of a MVIC and a one-repetition maximum. Anderson found that in order for strengthening adaptation to occur, muscle stimuli of at least 40-60% of a subject's MVIC must occur. ![]() Several previously published research articles helped to establish the parameters for determining a sufficient level of muscle activation for strength gains referenced in the current study. 18 The use of the sidelying abduction position is supported by the results of Widler, 19 where similarity in EMG activity for weight bearing and sidelying abduction (ICC's 0.880 and 0.902 for the respective positions) demonstrated that it is acceptable to use the MVIC value obtained during the standard manual muscle test position in order to establish a percentage MVIC for a weight bearing exercise. MVIC was established in the standard manual muscle testing positions for gluteus medius and maximus, as described by Daniels and Worthingham. By knowing the approximate percentage of MVIC (%MVIC) recruitment of each of the gluteal muscles in a wide variety of exercises, the exercises may be ranked to appropriately challenge the gluteal musculature. Similar to Distefano, 3 Ayotte, 4 and Bolgla, 5 exercises examined in the current study were rank ordered according to their recruitment of specific gluteal musculature and expressed as a percent of the subject's maximum volitional isometric contraction (MVIC). 2, 13– 17 While Distefano, 3 Bolgla, 4 and Ayotte 5 have examined a wide range of exercises used to strengthen the hip musculature, to the knowledge of the authors, no cross comparison amongst the top exercises from each study has been performed. ![]() 7 Numerous pathologies have been described which are related to the inability to maintain proper alignment of the pelvis and the femur, including: tibial stress fracture, 8 low back pain, 9, 10 iliotibial band friction syndrome, 1, 11 anterior cruciate ligament injury, 1, 12 and patellofemoral pathology. 1, 6 Measurement of such femoral torsion and pelvic rotation in the transverse plane, along with measurement of pelvic tilt in the sagittal plane can indicate abnormal alignment of the hip joint. 1, 2 Previous research by Distefano, 3 Bolgla, 4 and Ayotte 5 has sought to determine the most appropriate exercises to strengthen the gluteal muscles due to their role in maintaining a level pelvis and preventing hip adduction and internal rotation during single limb support. The lower extremity functions in a kinematic chain, leading many researchers in recent years to examine the mechanical effect of weak proximal musculature on more distal segments.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |